Improvement in brick-kilns



2 Shee's-Sheet 2.

H. DEBERG.

BRICK-KILN.

N.' PETERS, PHOTO-LITHOGRAP 'UNITED STATES HELMUTH DUEBERG, OF BERLIN, GERMANY.

IMPROVEMENT IN BR|CKKILNS.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 187,109, dated February 6, 1877; application filed December26, 1876.

To all whom it may concern lar section in the plane a' x, Fig. l.

Similar letters indicate corresponding parts.

This invention relates to a kiln for burning bricks, pottery-Ware, and other articles of a similar nature, the floor of which is made in sections, each section being supported by Wheels, While the arch of said kiln is provided with fire-holes throughout its length, one end of the kiln being provided with a grate and with a temporary Wall or shutter, so that by means of the movable fioorsections the operation of introducing the material to be burned and of removing'the burned material is materially facilitated, and at the same time the process of burning can be effected with great economy in fuel.-

Two systems of continuously-Working kilns for burning bricks, pottery-ware, and other articles of a similar nature have heretofore been in use, one being that of E. Borrie, of Paris, France, which became known at the first Paris Exposition, in the year 1855,the other being that of Fred. E. Hoffmann, of Berlin, Prussia, known as circular or progressive kiln. Both systems have been modified since their rst introduction in various Ways, and have accordingly been designated by different names, with respect to their forms, as Well as with respect tothe manner of introducing the fuel into or applying the same to the kiln.

The principle of the Berrie kiln consists in Vplacing th'e goods Which are to be burned on cars and moving the latter through a stationary fire, While in the Hoifmann kiln the goods are stationary, the iire being made to progress through said goods, which are piled up in a continuous gallery. This latter system of kilns has been more successful in practice than the former, difficulties having arisen from the fact that the cars on which the goods are placed,

AWhile in mot-ion, cannot be sufficiently protected against the iire, and that accidents preventing the movement of the cars are almost unavoidableduring theproeess ofburning; and, furthermore, the quality ofthe bricks burned inthe Borrie kiln has not been satisfactory. It cannot be denied, however, that .the Borrie system possesses one great advantage over all other kilns, Which advantage consists in saving of labor in setting the goods to be burned, as Well as in removing them from the kiln after burning, the goods being piled up directly on the cars, which go into the kiln, instead of being put on wheelbarrows, from Which they must be taken off again in order to be set in the kiln, and in removing the goods from the kiln the same saving of labor is obtained in the Berrie system. v

My kiln combines the advantages of the Hoffmann system-viz., greateconomy'in fuel, good quality of burned goods, and safety in its operation-With the savingof labor effected by the Berrie systexn,'and itcan be constructed for continuous or for periodical operation.

In the drawing, the letter A designates the burning-chamber, which is closed at the top by an arch or any other suitable top. The floor of this burning-chamber is made in sections and movable,so that the goods to be burned can be piled thereon outside of the oven, and afterthe operation of burning has been colnpleted,which is done While the Hoor-sections are at rest, said floor-sections can be drawn out of the kiln for the purpose of removing the burned goods. During the burning process, therefore, the floor-sections ofthe burnin g-chamber and the goods resting thereon are at rest, while the re progresses in said chamber the'same as in the system of Hoffmann. In order to make the floor of the burning-chamber movable, said door is divided transversely in a series of sections or platforms, F, each from three to six feet in length, and supported by Wheels resting on a railroad-track, Which extends throughout the entire length of the burning-chamber, and continues on the outside of said chamber to the drying floor or sheds. Each of the Hoorsections F, therefore, forms a platform-car, Which can be moved along on the railroadtrack, the same as in the kiln of Berrie.

- The platform cars are loaded with the goods lto be burned outside of the kiln, and they are,

and it communicates through the perforations vof this wall with the flue C and smoke-stack D. The goods ro be burned are piled on the platform-cars F F, sothat they nearly fill up,

the transverse' vsection of the burning-chamber, without. however, touching the" inside walls of said chamber. vIn pushing the cars into the burning-chamber, the joints between the sides of the platforms and the walls of the chamber are rendered tight by lutings d clv ofv sand, or by other suitable means, and the joints a a, where theends ofthe cars meet, are also rendered tight, which can be effected by coating the rear end of each platform with clay and pushing the next car close up against it. If the burning-chamber has thusv been charged and closed air-tight at its bottom, a grate, E, is introduced next to the last car, and 'then the burning-chamber is closed by the temporarywall B.

On the grate E a tire is lighted, and after the goods on the lirst two or three platformcarshave been brought to a red heat, the fuel is introduced through the holes b b in the top of the burning-chamber. 'Ihe distance between these holes in the direction ofthe length of the burning-chamber is equal to the length of the platforms F F, and between the goods piled upon two adjoining platforms a space from four to eight inches in Width is left, in which the fuel introduced through the holes b bis consumed. Y The introduction of'fuel must take place only through those holes bb where the goods below have already attained a red heat 5 consequently such introduction commences through the holes next to the grate E, and it advancesas the heat in the burningchamber progresses in the direction toward.

the smoke-stack. When the goods next the grate E have been completely burned, the re on the grateis left to go down, and as the fire is advanced in the direction toward the smokestack it is stopped behind whenever the goods neously between two or more ofthe platforms. If the end of the burning-chamber has been reached, the introduction of fuel into the burning-chamber can be commenced. For this'purpose the temporary wall B is removed, also the grate E, and the platform-cars with the burned goods are successively drawn out of the kiln, as the same .have been sufnciently cooled to permit this operation. The platform of the car next the grate E is provided with an apron, c, best made of sheet metal, protected by lire-clay. In place of the temporary wall B, a simple shutter or slide may be used.

The grate E may be placed lower down than shown in the drawing-for instance, on a level with the railroad-track. In. this case the necessity of removing the grate whenever the kiln is to be emptied will be avoided.V Of course the ash-chamber must then be beneath the level of the railroad-track.

In order to extend this system on a continnous kiln, two burning-chambers, A0 A, will be placed side by side, Fig.,5, in opposite diis passed through a gate, S, into the secondk burning-chamber, so that'the grate E can be omitted. I n What I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, i's-v 1. rIhe combination of the longitudinal burning-chamber A, having openings b b in its top for the introduction of fuel, the grate E and temporary removable partition B at one end of the burning-chamber, and a series of platform-cars, F, arranged for yoperation substantially as described.

2. The combination, with the burning-cham-- ber A', the fuel-supply openings b, the-grate E, and temporary partition B at one end of the burnin g-chamber, of the platform-cars F, forming a continuous brick-carrying floor to the burning-chamber, substantially asdescribed.

This specilication signed by me this 25d day of November, 1876.

HELM-Urn DUEBERG. [L s4 Witnesses AUGUST EOKHART, FRANZ LEHMANN. 

